[歷史台]日不落的傳奇，大英帝國的故事（2)

是咪黑死病？

應該係

Edward the black Prince
gill the black princess
rat the black death

果然係黑死病

以前打仗真係當食飯咁

仲未計山賊土匪民變
真係唔知佢地邊黎咁多錢咁多人
國賦稅收借錢用到盡先得萬幾兵
俾住中國一早搞到民變4起皇朝滅亡（明末，清中葉）

好似話歐洲得貴族會落場打仗，所以再借錢係請僱傭兵?

嗰時歐洲兵制好似春秋嗰時咁
平民農民未開始俾人迫入伍

歐洲徵兵制好似係好後期三十年戰爭先開波
歐洲每一場大仗就係瓦解緊本身個封建制度

應該話歐洲每次大型戰爭都帶黎制度宗教思想上既改變

唔好再quote長文啦大佬

毛巴會唔會講埋二戰同邱吉爾

以前打仗真係當食飯咁

仲未計山賊土匪民變
真係唔知佢地邊黎咁多錢咁多人
國賦稅收借錢用到盡先得萬幾兵
俾住中國一早搞到民變4起皇朝滅亡（明末，清中葉）

好似話歐洲得貴族會落場打仗，所以再借錢係請僱傭兵?

嗰時歐洲兵制好似春秋嗰時咁
平民農民未開始俾人迫入伍

歐洲徵兵制好似係好後期三十年戰爭先開波
歐洲每一場大仗就係瓦解緊本身個封建制度

法國大革命戰爭個時先有現代徵兵制，而且一拉就拉左三十萬人上前線

繼續留名慢慢睇
連post 1都未睇完

1347年，一艘嚟自克里米亞卡法（Kaffa）嘅熱那亞商船，抵達西西里島嘅墨西拿（Messlia）港。當地海關如常例行檢查一下艘船，佢哋檢查完船員休息室之後，就急急腳走人，仲拒絕艘船停泊。隻船於是搵過第二個港口，但係不斷被拒入境。依艘船不斷遊走於地中海嘅港口，就喺依個時候，一股邪惡勢力已經隨著隻船登陸歐洲。

依股勢力就係黑死病。

唔講唔知，原來依個中世紀最恐怖嘅傳染病，係我哋偉大強國嘅恩賜。黑死病嘅病原體嚟自中亞草原，主要靠寄居喺老鼠身上嘅跳蚤傳播，病菌喺十四世紀初傳入元代中國。本來中亞地廣人稀，病菌冇咁容易擴散，但係一入到人煙稠密嘅中原，人多不特止，中國人幾衛生就係人都知架啦，老鼠通街都係，結果疫病一發不可收拾，成為中國人口中嘅鼠疫。

鼠疫透過絲綢之路傳到東歐一帶，而熱那亞商人就循水路將佢傳播到意大利。當時歐洲嘅污糟程度俾中國甚至過之而無不及，黑死病由1347年登陸意大利，去到1348年就擴散到英格蘭。患病者皮膚晚期會因為皮下出血而變得瘀黑，加上黑色同災難概念幾match，於是歐洲人就叫依種病做黑死病（Black Death）。




十四世紀有關黑死病的畫作（勿bam）


第一次黑死病疫情

毛巴會唔會講埋二戰同邱吉爾

二戰就肯定唔講啦，一戰或者會講下，但唔好期望會講好多

其實好想講印度獨立同印巴分治，印巴之間嘅恩怨好有趣

Cracow可以無事嘅？

Cracow可以無事嘅？

因為Poland can into space

Cracow可以無事嘅？

因為Poland can into space

明明就係can not into space

當其時治療黑死病嘅方法有好多，不過都比較原始，例如促進排汗、排尿、嘔吐。其他較常用嘅療法包括拮穿腫脹嘅淋巴腺，放走毒血；進食洋蔥毒蛇羹，實行以毒攻毒；使用人類醫學歷史上最偉大嘅發明之一－－拔罐（Cupping Therapy）。但係中世紀始終都係中世紀，依啲療法效用唔大，加上黑死病傳播得太快，所以始終阻止唔到大量人口死亡嘅事實。

疫病區當中，首都倫敦嘅瘟疫最為嚴重，當時嘅倫敦街道慘過街市，污水流到周圍都係，街道狹窄之餘，周邊嘅建築物排到密密麻麻，不利於通風，令到鼠疫迅速擴散。從城鎮去到鄉村，路上佈滿發黑嘅屍體，屍臭味鋪天蓋地，搞到愛德華要困住自己同班幕僚喺王宮入面隔離，但係佢自己都死咗兩個仔一個女。

黑死病喺1348年六月抵英，去到翌年十一月消散，十七個月間，喺英格蘭各地造成45%人口死亡，有啲地方死亡率甚至高達60%。短時間內嘅大量人口流失，成個國家都缺人，導致農民同工人工資大幅上漲，愛德華同議會唯有粗暴干預政市場，頒布勞工條例（Statue of Labourers）強制調低工資水平。自己勞動人口都唔夠用，仲講乜嘢徵兵打仗吖。

去到1349年十一月，疫情完全受到控制，但係已經對歐洲造成不可磨滅嘅傷害，依一次瘟疫仲未夠感人，之後黑死病每隔百幾年就肆虐一次，到時先再詳細講解。人就死咗一半，但仗都係要打嘅。愛德華重拾佢把寶劍，劍指海峽之南。今次佢嘅目標，係加斯科尼附近嘅法國西南地區。

毛巴會唔會講埋二戰同邱吉爾

聽日入倫敦塔

倫敦塔正呀 親眼見到當時埋咗princes of the tower 個條樓梯嘅時候我勁感動，雖然唔知係咪真係佢地黎

想毛巴講到Fuckland然後香港
真正大英帝國正式玩完

倫敦塔正呀 親眼見到當時埋咗princes of the tower 個條樓梯嘅時候我勁感動，雖然唔知係咪真係佢地黎

咩來

聽日入倫敦塔

1347年，一艘嚟自克里米亞卡法（Kaffa）嘅熱那亞商船，抵達西西里島嘅墨西拿（Messlia）港。當地海關如常例行檢查一下艘船，佢哋檢查完船員休息室之後，就急急腳走人，仲拒絕艘船停泊。隻船於是搵過第二個港口，但係不斷被拒入境。依艘船不斷遊走於地中海嘅港口，就喺依個時候，一股邪惡勢力已經隨著隻船登陸歐洲。

依股勢力就係黑死病。

唔講唔知，原來依個中世紀最恐怖嘅傳染病，係我哋偉大強國嘅恩賜。黑死病嘅病原體嚟自中亞草原，主要靠寄居喺老鼠身上嘅跳蚤傳播，病菌喺十四世紀初傳入元代中國。本來中亞地廣人稀，病菌冇咁容易擴散，但係一入到人煙稠密嘅中原，人多不特止，中國人幾衛生就係人都知架啦，老鼠通街都係，結果疫病一發不可收拾，成為中國人口中嘅鼠疫。

鼠疫透過絲綢之路傳到東歐一帶，而熱那亞商人就循水路將佢傳播到意大利。當時歐洲嘅污糟程度俾中國甚至過之而無不及，黑死病由1347年登陸意大利，去到1348年就擴散到英格蘭。患病者皮膚晚期會因為皮下出血而變得瘀黑，加上黑色同災難概念幾match，於是歐洲人就叫依種病做黑死病（Black Death）。




十四世紀有關黑死病的畫作（勿bam）


第一次黑死病疫情

米蘭同埋克拉科夫咩料

Google 左啲資料

Poland wasn't actually "spared", it was merely less affected than the rest of Europe. That graphic is incorrect (or rather, incomplete), since a substantial number of both Poland and Milan's population did in fact die of the plague. Their death rates were only "low" in comparison to the rest of Europe - if it happened today, it would be horrifying to us.

Poland lost about a quarter of its population to the plague (...) Milan's death rate was less than 15%, probably the lowest in Italy save a few Alpine villages.

- Gottfried, Robert S. Black Death. New York: The Free Press, 1983.

Nonetheless, it is true that Poland did survive the Black Death relatively unscathed. In addition to Poland's relatively sparse population, a key factor is that King Casimir the Great wisely quarantined the Polish borders. By holding the plague off at the borders, the disease's impact on Poland was softened.

Additionally, it has often been claimed that that Poland fared better due to having fewer rats. Two popular explanations offered for this theory is that Poland had more cats, or alternatively less food for rats.

Google 左啲資料

Poland wasn't actually "spared", it was merely less affected than the rest of Europe. That graphic is incorrect (or rather, incomplete), since a substantial number of both Poland and Milan's population did in fact die of the plague. Their death rates were only "low" in comparison to the rest of Europe - if it happened today, it would be horrifying to us.

Poland lost about a quarter of its population to the plague (...) Milan's death rate was less than 15%, probably the lowest in Italy save a few Alpine villages.

- Gottfried, Robert S. Black Death. New York: The Free Press, 1983.

Nonetheless, it is true that Poland did survive the Black Death relatively unscathed. In addition to Poland's relatively sparse population, a key factor is that King Casimir the Great wisely quarantined the Polish borders. By holding the plague off at the borders, the disease's impact on Poland was softened.

Additionally, it has often been claimed that that Poland fared better due to having fewer rats. Two popular explanations offered for this theory is that Poland had more cats, or alternatively less food for rats.

Poland had more cats

想講依家巴黎都係超級多老鼠
「居住在巴黎中區的兩百萬人中，每一人周圍都有兩隻老鼠。」
Source: appledaily

去過一次巴黎、唔覺好污糟不過真係殘舊到...

黃禍

咩大戰役都唔及黑死病咁勁
改變埋成個中世紀既歐洲

果陣睇過本書，why nations fail有比較過呢個問題

以前打仗真係當食飯咁

仲未計山賊土匪民變
真係唔知佢地邊黎咁多錢咁多人
國賦稅收借錢用到盡先得萬幾兵
俾住中國一早搞到民變4起皇朝滅亡（明末，清中葉）

好似話歐洲得貴族會落場打仗，所以再借錢係請僱傭兵?

嗰時歐洲兵制好似春秋嗰時咁
平民農民未開始俾人迫入伍

歐洲徵兵制好似係好後期三十年戰爭先開波
歐洲每一場大仗就係瓦解緊本身個封建制度

軍事歷史書話槍炮既出現係瓦解中世紀封建既最大推動力
因為造槍炮雖要大量資金，工廠同人力
地方諸侯冇咁多錢
於是令君權開始上升，加速左集權化

例子有法國路易11
https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Louis_XI_of_France

你點睇?