14. "The wall will fall. Beliefs become reality.”
「圍牆終將倒下;信念終將實現。」
呢句說話來自柏林圍牆一隅嘅塗鴉句子,美國總統列根1987年喺西德演說時都有提到呢句說話。柏林圍牆由東德於1961年8月13日開始興建,目的係區隔代表社會主義勢力嘅東柏林、同代表資本主義勢力嘅西柏林;係意識形態上嘅分庭抗禮,亦係「冷戰」嘅象徵。
.圍牆終將倒下;信念終將實現。
第二次世界大戰後,美國同蘇聯躍身超級強國;然而,兩國意識形態上嘅分野,導致世界陷入「冷戰」。其中,納粹政權倒台後,德國被盟軍占領、百廢待舉,結果淪為東西方嘅寸土必爭之地:1949年,德國被一分為二,東德成為蘇聯嘅衛星國;西德就為西方資本主義國家所管制。然而,由於東德政權嘅高壓管治,大批人民逃往西德;就此,東德為阻截「脫東潮」,決定興建所謂「反法西斯防衛牆」(Antifaschistischer Schutzwall)、即柏林圍牆,並派軍隊駐守,賦權佢哋槍擊任何逃脫者。
1963年,冷戰正值白熱化階段,時任美國總統甘迺迪(John F. Kennedy)到西柏林演講,高舉民主意志、聲援自由西德,至今仍唯人津津樂道。本人摘錄並翻譯部分講辭。
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=56V6r2dpYH8
John F. Kennedy's speech in Berlin 1963年6月26日
取自2:48:
"Two thousand years ago, the proudest boast was 'civis Romanus sum'. Today, in the world of freedom, the proudest boast is 'Ich bin ein Berliner'."
「喺兩千年之前,令人最為自豪嘅宣言係『我係羅馬公民』。今日,喺呢個自由平等嘅世界,令人最引以為傲嘅宣言係『我係柏林人』!」
取自3:40:
“There are many people in the world who really don't understand, or say they don't, what is the great issue between the free world and the Communist world. Let them come to Berlin. There are some who say that communism is the wave of the future. Let them come to Berlin. And there are some who say in Europe and elsewhere we can work with the Communists. Let them come to Berlin. And there are even a few who say that it is true that communism is an evil system, but it permits us to make economic progress. Lass' sie nach Berlin kommen. Let them come to Berlin.”
「世界上有好多人唔明白、或聲稱佢哋唔明白自由世界同共產世界之間嘅矛盾,『請佢哋親臨柏林』;亦有人聲稱共產主義係未來嘅風潮,『請佢哋親臨柏林』;又有人聲稱喺歐洲或者其他地方可以同共產主義者合作,『請佢哋親臨柏林』;再有一小撮人聲稱共產主義雖然惡貫滿盈,但能夠造成經濟增長,『Lass' sie nach Berlin kommen-請佢哋親臨柏林』!」
取自5:03:
"Freedom has many difficulties and democracy is not perfect, but we have never had to put a wall up to keep our people in, to prevent them from leaving us."
「自由縱然荊棘滿途、民主亦係不盡完善,但係我哋從來都未試過興建圍牆困住人民。」
1987年,冷戰漸到尾聲,蘇聯已經係日暮途窮;時任美國總統列根(Ronald W. Reagan)再到西柏林嘅勃蘭登堡門演講,發表咗舉世矚目嘅「推牆」演說。
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5MDFX-dNtsM
President Reagan's speech in Berlin 1987年6月12日
取自10:45:
"...We welcome change and openness; for we believe that freedom and security go together, that the advance of human liberty can only strengthen the cause of world peace. There is one sign the Soviets can make that would be unmistakable, that would advance dramatically the cause of freedom and peace."
「我哋歡迎(蘇聯嘅)改革與開放;因為我哋相信自由同人權係一體兩面、密不可分,而人民邁向自由亦係世界步向和平嘅象徵。依家,蘇維埃政府只要做一件事,就必然能夠令我哋喺自由、和平嘅進程上跨一大步。」
"General Secretary Gorbachev, if you seek peace, if you seek prosperity for the Soviet Union and Eastern Europe, if you seek liberalization: Come here to this gate! Mr. Gorbachev, open this gate! Mr. Gorbachev, tear down this wall!"
「戈爾巴喬夫總書記,若果你追求和平、追求蘇聯同東德嘅繁榮昌盛、追求自由開放嘅社會;請蒞臨呢道門(勃蘭登堡門)!戈爾巴喬夫先生,請打開呢道門!戈爾巴喬夫先生,請推倒呢面牆!」
時而世易,冷戰已經寫入歷史,但共產主義嘅餘毒依然蠶食呢個世界,仿如「霧霾」一樣揮之不去。僅此,本人寄語所有親共、愛國愛黨人士:「Let them come to Beijing」-「請佢哋親臨北京」!
.浩瀚宏偉嘅天安門。