原本想話上面亂到七彩
點知去到巴打你嗰度又啱返
首先,絕對零度喺物理上係做唔到,唔係因為量子力學
係因為 3rd law of thermodynamics
3rd law of thermodynamics 解釋咗點解粒子無法喺有限嘅 thermodynamic processes 內達到絕對零度
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Third_law_of_thermodynamics#Absolute_zero
自己睇,因為我都唔識解
"量子力學證明原子冇可能零振動" 呢句本身唔係錯,但係唔係解釋絕對零度,
而係解釋點解有 zero-point energy 呢樣嘢
第二,絕對零度已經就係溫度嘅下限,冇得再落
喺 classical mechanics ,絕對零度就係直觀上原子擁有零動能,完全唔郁
亦都即係 perfect crystal (entropy S = 0)
但係 quantum mechanics 入面認為絕對零度下粒子仍然有 zero-point energy
原因係 Heisenberg uncertainty principle,粒子嘅 position 乘 momentum 有一定嘅不確定性
當所有粒子完全唔郁嘅時候就違反咗 Heisenberg uncertainty principle
所以可以肯定嘅係絕對零度下粒子仍然有某種 random motion
呢個正正對應粒子喺 ground state 嘅 kinetic energy
亦都即係樓上講嘅 zero-point energy
呢個 energy 係拎唔走嘅,ground state 就係 ground state,冇得再跌
未到下限嘅係 enthalpy
因為粒子仲仍然有 kinetic energy,internal energy 仍然係正數