Given a cubic equation f(x), 如果 f(x) 嘅所有turning points 都 above x-axis ,咁我係咪就可以話 f(x) has only one real root ?
Yes.
Proof:
If two turning points, consider table of f'(x),
Suppose (another case similar)
for x<a, f'<0, decreasing to f(a)>0
for a<x<b, f'>0, increasing to f(b)>0
for b<x, f'<0, decreasing to -infinity
the root will be in (b,+inf)
If one turning point, f'(x)=0 has 2 repeated real roots, f(x)=0 has 3 repeated real root.
If no turning point, f'(x)=0 has no real roots. f(x) is injective.