共同構造的幸福
2023-08-26 18:33:07
True: if there exist at least one structure and it is true in every assignment function of that structure
Valid: true under every structure and every assignment fucntion
Tautology: true under every possible truth assignment of all variable in propositional logic
Free variable: the truth is indeterminate, hence it is determined by structure
Substituable: the variable of that term being substituted is either not free(which means the scope restricts what substitution can assign to), or otherwise, substitution variable itself does not coincide with variable with quantifier, I would not mention any other case of formulas)
Valid and tautology may seem like they are pretty the same, but tautology can be interpreted as propositional reduct of valid formulas(which has 5 kinds of formulas), therefore if that is tautology, it must be valid, but if it is valid, it doesn’t have to be tautology, however, if it is not valid, it is not tautology
v(conclusion) = T, then conclusion in formula form(consider 5 different case)is true in every structure
For that particular structure, formula is false in some assignment function, hence after being propositional reduct(consider 5 different case), it is possibly be false, therefore it is not tautology
Logically entail: if the antecedents is valid, and the conclusion is valid, then antecedent deduces conclusion under every structure, since empty set is always true, ie. it can never be falsified by any counterexample, then it always true, so I can say empty premise set |= conclusion
Propositional consequence and tautology:
WTS: if we eliminate the situation that v(conclusion) can never be false when all premises are true, then it must be tautology
by def, propositional consequence, means every truth assignment makes each premises true also make conclusion true
First, we express every formula in premise set in propositional reduct form, eg. v(Ai) = T for each i, and express conclusion as B, by def above, v(B) = T, hence it eliminate the situation that conclusion is false, hence propositional consequence->tautology
WTS: if it is tautology, then it is propositional consequence
By def of tautology, conclusion must never fail
It can be proven by tautology->valid, express conclusion in 5 cases of formula, and prove each case by using the satisfaction definition in every structure with every assignment function, and each formula in premise set is true is one of the situation that it is true, hence tautology -> propositional consequence
Soundness: If there is a way to prove it, thats true, since non-logical axiom is indeed true, logical axiom is always valid(identity, universal/existential quantifier axiom), rule inference is true if thats true in each formula(universal/existential quantifier rule and structure satisfies conclusion(logically entailed) if every structure satisfies antecedent(valid) and antecedents satisfies conclusion(propo->tauto->valid) )
睇到2.7,唔知上述有冇錯