[DSE生物2018］Bio討論區
ALEinstein
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sor未追post 依家追
上小卒搵下by topic 英文既話唔難搵
有啲even out syl 睇下個flow都冇壞既
有啲even out syl 睇下個flow都冇壞既
Paper 2好重要,上年paper 2 ecology做得唔好,搞到無左粒星
利申2017 bio 5
利申2017 bio 5
呢個post成堆人 bio5**
17dse 5** lm
見到上面有人問E1 E2 E4應該點樣揀
我個人覺得E1就一定會做嘅
因為human physiology其實唔係太難，你明白個mechanism就可以
不過係做pp嘅時候有少少要留意
喺某D topic(eg. Kidney)會考同埋dse嘅marking有少少分別
大家可以比較下差唔多嘅題目係兩個考試嘅答案有咩分別
淨係背ce marking會漏point
有關E2 E4
利申嗰陣時係讀E4
我覺得E4都係唔太難
最重要係每一年嘅平均分都高過E2
但我問過其他讀E2嘅大學同學
發現原來E2個分拉高咗
例如我哋兩個都係5**
佢E2 ~8/20 好似adjust咗做~14-15
我E4個分就無adjust到(都差唔多15,16分)
帶返個頭盔，上面嘅數字唔知有冇記錯，但總之E2肯定有adjust
加油呀大家！撐住！
見到上面有人問E1 E2 E4應該點樣揀
我個人覺得E1就一定會做嘅
因為human physiology其實唔係太難，你明白個mechanism就可以
不過係做pp嘅時候有少少要留意
喺某D topic(eg. Kidney)會考同埋dse嘅marking有少少分別
大家可以比較下差唔多嘅題目係兩個考試嘅答案有咩分別
淨係背ce marking會漏point
有關E2 E4
利申嗰陣時係讀E4
我覺得E4都係唔太難
最重要係每一年嘅平均分都高過E2
但我問過其他讀E2嘅大學同學
發現原來E2個分拉高咗
例如我哋兩個都係5**
佢E2 ~8/20 好似adjust咗做~14-15
我E4個分就無adjust到(都差唔多15,16分)
帶返個頭盔，上面嘅數字唔知有冇記錯，但總之E2肯定有adjust
加油呀大家！撐住！
Copy from上年Bio討論區
嚟緊會講下2012-2016 DSE Essay嘅處理方法，我唔會仔細講背書野
我要重申一次，處理Essay同處理LQ嘅思維係一樣。要扣題、做足推理、唔洗寫introduction/conclusion。Essay同LQ唯一分別係Essay通常無情景，而LQ就要善用題目嘅情景。
2012
Mitosis and meiosis are important processes that ensure the continuity of life. Contrast the two processes and state the significance of their differences.
第一點你要諗嘅係contrast。由於冇"compare"呢個要求，換言之你只需要考慮meiosis同mitosis嘅不同之處就可以。寫兩者共通點係離題唔會有分。
然後你應該從乜野角度去睇meiosis同mitosis嘅不同之處呢? 題目叫你contrast個processes(過程)，於是你應該從mitosis同meiosis各自有乜events(事件)發生而當中某啲events存在difference呢個位做切入點。
雖然識得用events做切入點，但一時間係好難搵到difference。能力比較低嘅話我建議利用草稿紙先完整地寫低meiosis同mitosis個flow有乜events，再睇下有乜difference。Phases嘅名(e.g. anaphase, metaphase)唔洗識，但你要知每個phase發生乜野event。
Marking scheme喺"Differences"嗰到有兩格。第一格嘅兩個points都係將meiosis同mitosis嘅events並列比較，而第二格嘅一個point就要求你宏觀少少去睇，不過都係屬於Bio常識，而且亦係process上嘅difference，所以係扣題。
搵完differences之後，你要指出因為呢啲differences而產生嘅significance。如果你寫嘅significance唔係base on differences，係離題，因此significance係唔會有分。 而假如個difference同significance錯配左，例如Significance A係base on difference A，但你寫左base on difference B，推理錯，因此significance唔會有分。
仲有一個常犯錯誤係將meiosis同mitosis兩個processes分開論述而冇指出佢哋嘅不同之處。分開論述姐係你冇搵比較點，姐係冇做比較，姐係離題。
嚟緊會講下2012-2016 DSE Essay嘅處理方法，我唔會仔細講背書野
我要重申一次，處理Essay同處理LQ嘅思維係一樣。要扣題、做足推理、唔洗寫introduction/conclusion。Essay同LQ唯一分別係Essay通常無情景，而LQ就要善用題目嘅情景。
2012
Mitosis and meiosis are important processes that ensure the continuity of life. Contrast the two processes and state the significance of their differences.
第一點你要諗嘅係contrast。由於冇"compare"呢個要求，換言之你只需要考慮meiosis同mitosis嘅不同之處就可以。寫兩者共通點係離題唔會有分。
然後你應該從乜野角度去睇meiosis同mitosis嘅不同之處呢? 題目叫你contrast個processes(過程)，於是你應該從mitosis同meiosis各自有乜events(事件)發生而當中某啲events存在difference呢個位做切入點。
雖然識得用events做切入點，但一時間係好難搵到difference。能力比較低嘅話我建議利用草稿紙先完整地寫低meiosis同mitosis個flow有乜events，再睇下有乜difference。Phases嘅名(e.g. anaphase, metaphase)唔洗識，但你要知每個phase發生乜野event。
Marking scheme喺"Differences"嗰到有兩格。第一格嘅兩個points都係將meiosis同mitosis嘅events並列比較，而第二格嘅一個point就要求你宏觀少少去睇，不過都係屬於Bio常識，而且亦係process上嘅difference，所以係扣題。
搵完differences之後，你要指出因為呢啲differences而產生嘅significance。如果你寫嘅significance唔係base on differences，係離題，因此significance係唔會有分。 而假如個difference同significance錯配左，例如Significance A係base on difference A，但你寫左base on difference B，推理錯，因此significance唔會有分。
仲有一個常犯錯誤係將meiosis同mitosis兩個processes分開論述而冇指出佢哋嘅不同之處。分開論述姐係你冇搵比較點，姐係冇做比較，姐係離題。
2013 Essay
Proteins serve as different functions in our body and their functional role is closely related to their conformation (shape). Describe how protein molecules can have different conformations and explain how the different conformations enable them to carry out different functions.
呢條題目比較難。首先你要意識到題目有兩部分：
- describe how protein molecules can have different conformations (shape)
- how the different conformations enable protein molecules to carry out different functions
答案表達方式因此應該分開兩個部分寫，而唔係好似2012Essay梅花間竹咁鋪排。
首先處理第一部分。必須承認，呢個部分係比較冷門，好似唔知答乜好。以下答法比marking多左啲野，但呢個思維係冇錯嘅，亦係正常人能夠掌握到。
你首先可以捉住different呢個字去諗。邏輯上，所有protein都係經過gene transcription同 translation，然後先form到。假如所有protein經歷一樣嘅processes，咁究竟係乜嘢嘅difference產生different嘅proteins呢? 推理到呢一點，你就要向上一步諗，識得從protein推去polypeptide chain，再推去amino acid，得出結論: Protein唔同係因為每一款protein都係由唔同組合嘅polypeptide chain 組成，而polypeptide chain組合唔同係因為amino acid組合唔同。推理到呢一點，你要繼續推理: 咁點解我哋會製造唔同嘅amino acids先？諗到呢度，你就要識得答返自己：因為different amino acids are encoded by different triplet code，然後繼續向上一步推理，triplet code 之所以唔同係因為triplet code 係由different combination of base/nucleotide 組成。所以答法係:
Different combinations of the four nucleotides will lead to the formation of different triplet codes.
Different triple codes will code for different amino acids.
Different combinations of amino acids will join together to form different polypeptide chains.
Different polypeptide chains will bind to form different proteins.
你順住呢個邏輯答，就已經拎到3分，姐係呢個部分嘅滿分。
之後處理第二部分，相對簡單，因為唔涉及推理。只需要逐課逐課諗下邊個位同protein有關就可以。
Proteins serve as different functions in our body and their functional role is closely related to their conformation (shape). Describe how protein molecules can have different conformations and explain how the different conformations enable them to carry out different functions.
呢條題目比較難。首先你要意識到題目有兩部分：
- describe how protein molecules can have different conformations (shape)
- how the different conformations enable protein molecules to carry out different functions
答案表達方式因此應該分開兩個部分寫，而唔係好似2012Essay梅花間竹咁鋪排。
首先處理第一部分。必須承認，呢個部分係比較冷門，好似唔知答乜好。以下答法比marking多左啲野，但呢個思維係冇錯嘅，亦係正常人能夠掌握到。
你首先可以捉住different呢個字去諗。邏輯上，所有protein都係經過gene transcription同 translation，然後先form到。假如所有protein經歷一樣嘅processes，咁究竟係乜嘢嘅difference產生different嘅proteins呢? 推理到呢一點，你就要向上一步諗，識得從protein推去polypeptide chain，再推去amino acid，得出結論: Protein唔同係因為每一款protein都係由唔同組合嘅polypeptide chain 組成，而polypeptide chain組合唔同係因為amino acid組合唔同。推理到呢一點，你要繼續推理: 咁點解我哋會製造唔同嘅amino acids先？諗到呢度，你就要識得答返自己：因為different amino acids are encoded by different triplet code，然後繼續向上一步推理，triplet code 之所以唔同係因為triplet code 係由different combination of base/nucleotide 組成。所以答法係:
Different combinations of the four nucleotides will lead to the formation of different triplet codes.
Different triple codes will code for different amino acids.
Different combinations of amino acids will join together to form different polypeptide chains.
Different polypeptide chains will bind to form different proteins.
你順住呢個邏輯答，就已經拎到3分，姐係呢個部分嘅滿分。
之後處理第二部分，相對簡單，因為唔涉及推理。只需要逐課逐課諗下邊個位同protein有關就可以。
2014
Recently, some people have adopted a diet rich in lean meat in order to lose weight and build muscle. They may be able to achieve these aims but there are some health problems associated with this diet. Discuss the pros and cons of this controversial diet with regard to the nutritional needs of our body and protein metabolism.
呢條答案內容方面唔難理解，只要有扣題意識其實好易高分。首先分開兩個部分：
-好處
-壞處
好處方面，佢比左兩個hints(lose weight + build muscle)。你必須根據hints作答，如果唔係你都好難諗到其他好處。講好處之前，你要先指出究竟lean meat有何特別之處(low fat and carbohydrates)，從而推理出佢嘅好處(low energy intake)，然後繼續推論(if energy intake < energy expenditure, body use fat reserve)，因此lose weight。另外記得要扣緊build muscle呢個point (protein ingested broken down into amino acids-> form muscle fibres)
壞處方面，要扣緊nutritional needs同protein metabolism。就nutritional needs呢個部分而言，你只需寫出lean meat diet缺乏啲乜野營養(1分)，再舉出有乜嘢疾病因而差生(1分)就拎到呢part滿分。是旦一種營養缺乏同對應嘅疾病就可以，當然考試為求穩陣，寫多一種就最好。至於protein metabolism呢個部分，其實拎一兩分都唔難，只要有操卷都會識答excess amino acids will be deaminated by liver to form urea。較多人忽略嘅係urea will be excreted by the kidney。而因為以上兩句只係正常嘅生理現象，所以更難嘅係你要識得將以上兩句包裝成一個壞處。而個keyword亦只係common sense答案(i.e. heavy workload 1分)，然後再推論到functioning failure功能衰竭(1分)。
呢條好考扣題。大家要望清楚題目。
Recently, some people have adopted a diet rich in lean meat in order to lose weight and build muscle. They may be able to achieve these aims but there are some health problems associated with this diet. Discuss the pros and cons of this controversial diet with regard to the nutritional needs of our body and protein metabolism.
呢條答案內容方面唔難理解，只要有扣題意識其實好易高分。首先分開兩個部分：
-好處
-壞處
好處方面，佢比左兩個hints(lose weight + build muscle)。你必須根據hints作答，如果唔係你都好難諗到其他好處。講好處之前，你要先指出究竟lean meat有何特別之處(low fat and carbohydrates)，從而推理出佢嘅好處(low energy intake)，然後繼續推論(if energy intake < energy expenditure, body use fat reserve)，因此lose weight。另外記得要扣緊build muscle呢個point (protein ingested broken down into amino acids-> form muscle fibres)
壞處方面，要扣緊nutritional needs同protein metabolism。就nutritional needs呢個部分而言，你只需寫出lean meat diet缺乏啲乜野營養(1分)，再舉出有乜嘢疾病因而差生(1分)就拎到呢part滿分。是旦一種營養缺乏同對應嘅疾病就可以，當然考試為求穩陣，寫多一種就最好。至於protein metabolism呢個部分，其實拎一兩分都唔難，只要有操卷都會識答excess amino acids will be deaminated by liver to form urea。較多人忽略嘅係urea will be excreted by the kidney。而因為以上兩句只係正常嘅生理現象，所以更難嘅係你要識得將以上兩句包裝成一個壞處。而個keyword亦只係common sense答案(i.e. heavy workload 1分)，然後再推論到functioning failure功能衰竭(1分)。
呢條好考扣題。大家要望清楚題目。
2015
Although both arteries and veins are blood vessels, they are very different in their structure. Discuss how their structural differences are related to the different ways of maintaining blood flow inside the blood vessels.
呢條題目有做CE pastpaper都會發現成日出，所以呢條Essay應該係歷屆最淺。首先題目有兩部分：
- structural differences
- different ways of maintaining blood flow inside the blood vessels
詳細答案十分簡單，唔會係度提，但有答題技巧要留意:
標準答法係一個structural difference(1分)，然後寫出對應嘅way of maintaining blood flow(1分)。千其唔好一段寫晒structural differences，一段寫晒ways of maintaining blood flow。咁樣係冇指出兩個部分之間嘅關係(how they are related)，即係離題。考「關係」嘅題型可參考：
2012 Q11
2013 Q2(b)、3(b)
2014 Q2(b)、4(b)
2015 Q2(b)、5(b)
2016 Q3(c)
另外一個必須要有嘅答題意識，就係要做比較。Difference 呢個字已經意味住你要指出兩者之間有不同，而唔係剩係指出其中一方嘅structure有咩特點，例如veins have valves while arteries does not，呢一個係「有同冇」嘅分別。又例如veins have a larger lumen than that of arteries，呢一個係「程度」嘅分別。如果你冇做到比較，例如剩係話veins have valves，即係冇做比較，即係離題。「比較類」題型可參考：
2012 Q3(a)、7(b)、8(a)、11
2013 Q6(c+ di)、8(b)
2014 Q6(b)、7(bi)、9(c)、10(a)
2015 Q2(c)、9(c)
2016 Q5(a + b)、6(aii)、9(bii + c)、11
Although both arteries and veins are blood vessels, they are very different in their structure. Discuss how their structural differences are related to the different ways of maintaining blood flow inside the blood vessels.
呢條題目有做CE pastpaper都會發現成日出，所以呢條Essay應該係歷屆最淺。首先題目有兩部分：
- structural differences
- different ways of maintaining blood flow inside the blood vessels
詳細答案十分簡單，唔會係度提，但有答題技巧要留意:
標準答法係一個structural difference(1分)，然後寫出對應嘅way of maintaining blood flow(1分)。千其唔好一段寫晒structural differences，一段寫晒ways of maintaining blood flow。咁樣係冇指出兩個部分之間嘅關係(how they are related)，即係離題。考「關係」嘅題型可參考：
2012 Q11
2013 Q2(b)、3(b)
2014 Q2(b)、4(b)
2015 Q2(b)、5(b)
2016 Q3(c)
另外一個必須要有嘅答題意識，就係要做比較。Difference 呢個字已經意味住你要指出兩者之間有不同，而唔係剩係指出其中一方嘅structure有咩特點，例如veins have valves while arteries does not，呢一個係「有同冇」嘅分別。又例如veins have a larger lumen than that of arteries，呢一個係「程度」嘅分別。如果你冇做到比較，例如剩係話veins have valves，即係冇做比較，即係離題。「比較類」題型可參考：
2012 Q3(a)、7(b)、8(a)、11
2013 Q6(c+ di)、8(b)
2014 Q6(b)、7(bi)、9(c)、10(a)
2015 Q2(c)、9(c)
2016 Q5(a + b)、6(aii)、9(bii + c)、11
2016
Gas exchange in organisms relies very much on diffusion. To be an effective organ for gas exchange, the leaves in plants and the lungs in human share some common principles in their structural adaptations. Discuss how their structures are adapted to fulfil these common principles. Despite these similarities, explain why the operation of the breathing system in human is more effective.
題目有兩部分：
- discuss how the structures in leaves and the lungs are adapted to fulfil some common principles (討論葉子和肺臟的構造如何適應以符合一些共通原理)
- explain why the operation of the breathing system in human is more effective (解釋為什麼人類的呼吸系統在操作上更有效率)
呢題其實都係考扣題，所以諗野思路同邏輯都要好。
第一部分問你structural adaptations有乜共通原理。某部分英文差嘅同學可能唔識common可以解作「共通」嘅意思，誤會左做「普遍」。不過即使唔識解common，題目之後補多句‘Despite these similarities’，呢個時候你都要醒目意識到「共通、相似」呢個意思。
答題思維有以下幾點：
1. 就第一部分而言，你絕對唔可以分開兩段，一段講leaves一段講lungs。題目要求你講共通，你就必須搵出兩者喺適應上嘅共通原理(1分)，然後具體啲講leaves同lungs分別有啲乜嘢structure達致上述嘅共通原理(1分)。分開論述，即係冇搵出共通點，即係離題。其實唔單止相同之處(similarities)，差異之處(differences)嘅做法亦都一樣，要兩個事物同一時間比較，可參考2012、2015Essay。
2.就第一部分而言，你如果講左樹葉同肺臟以外嘅器官，即係離題，communication會好低。第二部分邏輯上就不在此限，但根本上冇必要刻意講其他器官。
3. 就第一部分而言，如果leaves & lungs嘅structure同common principles配對錯左，即係邏輯錯，即係冇分，可參考2012、2015 Essay 。
4. 第二部分其實真係for叻人答，連基本concept都冇就可以放棄，冇答題技巧可言。
Gas exchange in organisms relies very much on diffusion. To be an effective organ for gas exchange, the leaves in plants and the lungs in human share some common principles in their structural adaptations. Discuss how their structures are adapted to fulfil these common principles. Despite these similarities, explain why the operation of the breathing system in human is more effective.
題目有兩部分：
- discuss how the structures in leaves and the lungs are adapted to fulfil some common principles (討論葉子和肺臟的構造如何適應以符合一些共通原理)
- explain why the operation of the breathing system in human is more effective (解釋為什麼人類的呼吸系統在操作上更有效率)
呢題其實都係考扣題，所以諗野思路同邏輯都要好。
第一部分問你structural adaptations有乜共通原理。某部分英文差嘅同學可能唔識common可以解作「共通」嘅意思，誤會左做「普遍」。不過即使唔識解common，題目之後補多句‘Despite these similarities’，呢個時候你都要醒目意識到「共通、相似」呢個意思。
答題思維有以下幾點：
1. 就第一部分而言，你絕對唔可以分開兩段，一段講leaves一段講lungs。題目要求你講共通，你就必須搵出兩者喺適應上嘅共通原理(1分)，然後具體啲講leaves同lungs分別有啲乜嘢structure達致上述嘅共通原理(1分)。分開論述，即係冇搵出共通點，即係離題。其實唔單止相同之處(similarities)，差異之處(differences)嘅做法亦都一樣，要兩個事物同一時間比較，可參考2012、2015Essay。
2.就第一部分而言，你如果講左樹葉同肺臟以外嘅器官，即係離題，communication會好低。第二部分邏輯上就不在此限，但根本上冇必要刻意講其他器官。
3. 就第一部分而言，如果leaves & lungs嘅structure同common principles配對錯左，即係邏輯錯，即係冇分，可參考2012、2015 Essay 。
4. 第二部分其實真係for叻人答，連基本concept都冇就可以放棄，冇答題技巧可言。
最緊要你見識到原來有咁既問法 開下眼界
做唔到唔緊要 但你睇返marking之後要明返個答法
做唔到唔緊要 但你睇返marking之後要明返個答法
冇錯 點樣用你學過既野推返個結果出黎
HKDSE Biology Syllabus (applicable to 2018 candidates)
English version
http://cd1.edb.hkedcity.net/cd/science/biology/supplementary/bio_supplement_e_2016.pdf
Chinese version
http://cd1.edb.hkedcity.net/cd/science/biology/supplementary/bio_supplement_c_2016.pdf
覺得自己十拿九穩嘅同學, 可以利用syllabus, 當佢係checklist check下自己有冇溫漏嘢
另外, 唔好忘記溫nature of science
English version
http://cd1.edb.hkedcity.net/cd/science/biology/supplementary/bio_supplement_e_2016.pdf
Chinese version
http://cd1.edb.hkedcity.net/cd/science/biology/supplementary/bio_supplement_c_2016.pdf
覺得自己十拿九穩嘅同學, 可以利用syllabus, 當佢係checklist check下自己有冇溫漏嘢
另外, 唔好忘記溫nature of science
正！
輕輕一推
2017 5**Lm
記得操AL，題目好多都好有質素，近dse問法，近dse marking，但每題比分會多d
如果你dse答得到AL要求既答案一定滿分
記得操AL，題目好多都好有質素，近dse問法，近dse marking，但每題比分會多d
如果你dse答得到AL要求既答案一定滿分
係咪咁多年都做哂？
做最近8-10年AL已經非常足夠啦，最緊要學識點樣推理
14年5*廢J