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「創造無中生有(Creatio ex nihilo)在公元二世紀後半期突然出現...這一教義並非由基督教社群的啟示傳統強加的,無論是在聖經文本中,還是早期猶太人對其的解釋中,這並不是新約教義中有記載的立場,甚至在使徒後期的著作中也沒有。這是一個由二世紀末的護教士塔提安(Tatian)和西奧菲勒(Theophilus)提出的立場,並由此後的各種教會作家發展,包括依仁紐(Irenaeus)、特土良(Tertullian)和奧利根(Origen)。
創造無中生有代表了啟示詮釋傳統中的一項創新,無法僅僅視為傳統的延續來解釋。」translated by ChatGPT
"Creatio ex nihilo appeared suddenly in the latter half of the second-century c.e. ... the doctrine was not forced upon the Christian community by their revealed tradition, either in Biblical texts or the Early Jewish interpretation of them. It was not a position attested in the New Testament doctrine or even sub-apostolic writings. It was a position taken by the apologists of the late second century, Tatian and Theophilus, and developed byr various ecclesiastical writers thereafter, by Irenaeus, Tertullian, and Origen.
Creation ex nihilo represents an innovation in the inter- pretive traditions of revelation and cannot be explained merely as a continuation of tradition."
James N. Hubler, creatio ex Nihila: Matter Creation. and the Body in Classical and Christian Philosophy through Aquinas (Phlladelphia: University of Pennsylvania, 1995). 102