順帶一提 酒精會導致乾眼症
The present Meta-analysis suggests that alcohol consumption may be a significant risk factor for DES (Dry eyes syndrome) . Alcohol-induced peripheral neuropathymay falsely reduce the prevalence of DES among heavy drinkers. Future prospective studies of alcohol consumption and DES risk are needed to confirm our results. Yong et al. (2016)
呢篇論文表示 酒精攝取過量可能係 乾眼症 既病因
Orally administered ethanol was secreted into the tears. Ethanol in tears induced tear hyperosmolarity and shortened TBUT(tear film break-up time) and triggered the development of ocular surface diseases. Similar changes could exacerbate signs and symptoms in patients with ocular surface disease. Joo Hyun et al. (2012)
TBUT 即是類似要你打開眼睛 等到你隻眼乾到忍唔住眨眼 果段時間
時間愈短即是代表你眼睛愈快乾。
淚膜既功能係防止水分蒸發，保持濕潤
One postulated reason for the changes was that ethanol can act as an organic solvent for the lipid layer resulting in increased tear evaporation which in turn leads to hyperosmolarity and subsequent tear film instability. Deborah et al. (2013)
酒精點解有害...因為淚膜既最外層就係脂質層，有個假設就係可能酒精會影響到淚膜既穩定性，令到水分更易蒸發，導致眼睛無法長時間保持濕潤
References:
Kim, J. H., Kim, J. H., Nam, W. H., Yi, K., Choi, D. G., Hyon, J. Y., . . . Shin, Y. J. (2012). Oral Alcohol Administration Disturbs Tear Film and Ocular Surface. Ophthalmology, 119(5), 965-971. doi:10.1016/j.ophtha.2011.11.015
Sweeney, D. F., Millar, T. J., & Raju, S. R. (2013). Tear film stability: A review. Experimental Eye Research, 117, 28-38. doi:10.1016/j.exer.2013.08.010
Yong-Sheng, Y., Nai-Bin, Q., & Ning-Yu, X. (2016). Alcohol consumption and dry eye syndrome: A Meta-analysis. International Journal of Ophthalmology. doi:10.18240/ijo.2016.10.20
