It depends on different States in Australia,
Take Victoria State as example:
https://www.vicroads.vic.gov.au/licences/renew-replace-or-update/new-to-victoria/overseas-drivers
When using your overseas licence to drive in Victoria, all the road rules and laws apply to you. It’s also important to keep in mind that:
1. Your overseas licence needs to be current and valid
2. If your overseas licence is in a language other than English, you also need to carry an English translation or international driving permit whenever you drive.
But ‘P’ plates need to be displayed
Furthermore, you can use your Hong Kong Learner License to drive in Victoria State under supervision of experienced drivers
Can I use my overseas learner permit?
Yes, if you are supervised by a full driver licence holder who is authorised to drive the category of that vehicle in Victoria and who is also sitting beside you. Go to How to get your Ls for more information about getting your Victorian learner permit. But ‘L’ plates need to be displayed.