H20被禁後 NVIDIA將對華推出新一款AI晶片 惟規格及記憶體將大幅縮水

Nvidia to launch cheaper Blackwell AI chip for China after US export curbs

https://m.economictimes.com/tech/technology/nvidia-to-launch-cheaper-blackwell-ai-chip-for-china-after-us-export-curbs/articleshow/121380568.cms

Nvidia will launch a new artificial intelligence chipset for China at a significantly lower price than its recently restricted H20 model and plans to start mass production as early as June, sources familiar with the matter said.

The GPU or graphics processing unit will be part of Nvidia's latest generation Blackwell-architecture AI processors and is expected to be priced between $6,500 and $8,000, well below the $10,000-$12,000 the H20 sold for, according to two of the sources.

The lower price reflects its weaker specifications and simpler manufacturing requirements.

It will be based on Nvidia's RTX Pro 6000D, a server-class graphics processor and will use conventional GDDR7 memory instead of more advanced high bandwidth memory, the two sources said.

They added it would not use Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Co's advanced Chip-on-Wafer-on-Substrate (CoWoS) packaging technology.

The new chip's price, specifications and production timing have not previously been reported.

The three sources Reuters spoke to for this article declined to be identified as they were not authorised to speak to media.

An Nvidia spokesperson said the company was still evaluating its "limited" options. "Until we settle on a new product design and receive approval from the U.S. government, we are effectively foreclosed from China's $50 billion data center market."

TSMC declined to comment.

Market share plunge

China remains a huge market for Nvidia, accounting for 13% of its sales in the past financial year. It's the third time that Nvidia has had to tailor a GPU for the world's second-largest economy after restrictions from U.S. authorities who are keen to stymie Chinese technological development.

After the U.S. effectively banned the H20 in April, Nvidia initially considered developing a downgraded version of the H20 for China, sources have said, but that plan didn't work out.

Nvidia CEO Jensen Huang said last week the company's older Hopper architecture - which the H20 uses - can no longer accommodate further modifications under current U.S. export restrictions.

Reuters was unable to determine the product's final name.

Chinese brokerage GF Securities said in a note published on Tuesday that the new GPU would likely be called the 6000D or the B40, though it did not disclose pricing or cite sources for the information.

According to two of the sources, Nvidia is also developing another Blackwell-architecture chip for China that is set to begin production as early as September. Reuters was not immediately able to confirm specifications of that variant.

Nvidia's market share in China has plummeted from 95% before 2022, when U.S. export curbs that impacted its products began, to 50% currently, Huang told reporters in Taipei this week. Its main competitor is Huawei which produces the Ascend 910B chip.

Huang also warned that if U.S. export curbs continue, more Chinese customers will buy Huawei's chips.

The H20 ban forced Nvidia to write off $5.5 billion in inventory and Huang told the Stratechery podcast on Monday that the company also had to walk away from $15 billion in sales.

The latest export restrictions introduced new limits on GPU memory bandwidth - a crucial metric measuring data transmission speeds between the main processor and memory chips. This capability is particularly important for AI workloads that require extensive data processing.

Investment bank Jefferies estimates that the new regulations cap memory bandwidth at 1.7-1.8 terabytes per second. That compares with the 4 terabytes per second that the H20 is capable of.

GF Securities forecast the new GPU will achieve approximately 1.7 terabytes per second using GDDR7 memory technology, just within the export control limits.

Nvidia將在美國出口限制後為中國推出更便宜的Blackwell AI晶片

據知情人士透露，Nvidia計劃為中國推出一款價格顯著低於其近期受限的H20型號的新款人工智能晶片，並計劃最早於6月開始量產。

該圖形處理單元（GPU）將屬於Nvidia最新一代Blackwell架構AI處理器，據兩位消息人士表示，預計價格在6,500美元至8,000美元之間，遠低於H20的10,000美元至12,000美元的售價。

價格較低反映了其規格較弱和製造要求較簡單。

該晶片將基於Nvidia的RTX Pro 6000D，這是一款伺服器級圖形處理器，據兩位消息人士稱，將使用常規的GDDR7記憶體，而不是更先進的高頻寬記憶體。

他們補充說，該晶片不會使用台灣積體電路製造公司（TSMC）的先進晶圓級封裝技術（CoWoS）。

該新晶片的價格、規格和生產時程此前尚未報導。

路透社採訪的三位消息人士因未獲授權對媒體發言而拒絕透露身份。

Nvidia發言人表示，公司仍在評估其「有限」的選項。「在我們確定新產品設計並獲得美國政府批准之前，我們實際上被排除在中國500億美元的數據中心市場之外。」

台積電拒絕置評。

#### 市場份額驟降

中國仍是Nvidia的巨大市場，在過去財年中佔其銷售額的13%。這是Nvidia第三次因美國當局希望阻礙中國科技發展的限制措施而不得不為世界第二大經濟體量身定制GPU。

在美國於4月有效禁止H20後，據消息人士稱，Nvidia最初考慮為中國開發H20的降級版本，但該計劃未能實現。

Nvidia首席執行官黃仁勳上週表示，公司較舊的Hopper架構（H20所使用）在當前美國出口限制下已無法進一步修改。

路透社無法確定該產品的最終名稱。

中國券商GF證券在週二發布的一份報告中表示，新款GPU可能命名為6000D或B40，但未透露價格或引述消息來源。

據兩位消息人士透露，Nvidia還在為中國開發另一款Blackwell架構晶片，預計最早於9月開始生產。路透社無法立即確認該變體的規格。

黃仁勳本週在台北對記者表示，Nvidia在中國的市場份額從2022年美國開始對其產品實施出口限制前的95%下降至目前的50%。其主要競爭對手是生產Ascend 910B晶片的華為。

黃仁勳還警告說，如果美國的出口限制持續下去，更多中國客戶將購買華為的晶片。

H20禁令迫使Nvidia註銷55億美元的庫存，黃仁勳在週一的Stratechery播客中表示，公司還不得不放棄150億美元的銷售額。

最新的出口限制引入了對GPU記憶體頻寬的新限制，這是衡量主處理器與記憶體晶片之間數據傳輸速度的關鍵指標。此功能對於需要大量數據處理的人工智能工作負載尤為重要。

投資銀行Jefferies估計，新規限制記憶體頻寬在1.7至1.8太字节每秒。相比之下，H20的記憶體頻寬可達4太字节每秒。

GF證券預測，新款GPU將使用GDDR7記憶體技術，實現約1.7太字节每秒的頻寬，恰好符合出口控制限制。

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