Trial Explanation courtesy of Comun:
Fujimaru is charged with 7 genocides.
Defense pleads extreme circumstances and justified self-defense.
Fujimaru is sentenced to having their Rulers frozen until Human Order is restored and any further punishment can wait until after that.
Mash is charged with still trying to be a Shielder after losing her qualification.
She pleads "stop asking me to reclass to Ruler, I won't do that" and invents a new Class 100% exclusive to her. She's sentenced to losing her Ruler qualification.
Kadoc is charged with the slaughter of the original Chaldea staff.
He pleads guilty in order not to compromise Fujimaru's case.
He's sentenced to death, which was already going to happen anyway because he used his Sirius Light to make a copy of Anastasia with her Lostbelt memories to testify in favor of his death sentence.