你講嘅好同唔好係同咩比先
如果單睇代糖vs冇代糖:
確實有cohort / case-control studies話同高糖尿病風險、肥胖etc.有關
https://www.cmaj.ca/content/189/28/E929
但有關唔代表一定有因果關係,而目前似乎冇咩randomized trials支持呢樣嘢
同糖比:
唔見有研究話糖尿病機會多左
有meta-analyses睇randomized trials話可以減到肥
https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111/obr.13652
有meta-analysis睇cohort studies有weight loss,少咗冠心病(CHD),少咗心血管疾病死亡率(CVD mortality)同埋overall死亡率(all-cause mortality)
https://diabetesjournals.org/care/article/45/8/1917/147303/Relation-of-Change-or-Substitution-of-Low-and-No
FYI,一般嚟講
meta-analysis > 單一randomized trial > cohort > case-control studies
只不過營養學好難做長期嘅randomized trials,所以睇長期效果都都係要倚賴cohort同case-control studies
至少目前無論係短期randomized trials定長期cohort studies都支持佢係好過糖
至於致癌,上面都好多ching講咗,2B級其實唔需要太擔心