香港曾經是世界最繁忙的港口，但隨著製造商轉移到中國大陸，以及來自中國大陸港口的競爭加劇，貨物吞吐量正在下降。
香港、廣州、深圳貨物量對比
“The ports of Shenzhen and Guangzhou have invested in deepwater terminal facilities which facilitated an increase in mainline calls, in other words bypassing Hong Kong,” said Eleanor Hadland, Drewry’s senior analyst of ports and terminals.
Drewry的港口和碼頭高階分析師Eleanor Hadland認為，「深圳和廣州的港口投資了深水碼頭設施，進一步增加了停靠量，換句話說，繞過了香港。」
Hong Kong has been hit by an accelerating decline in seaborne cargo volumes, as it loses out to rivals in mainland China and south-east Asia.
面臨中國大陸和東南亞的激烈競爭，香港海運貨運量正在加速下降。
Container throughput in Hong Kong fell 14 per cent last year to 14.3mn twenty-foot equivalent units (TEUs), according to figures from maritime consultancy Drewry.
根據海事諮詢機構Drewry的數據，去年香港貨櫃吞吐量為1430萬個標準箱，下跌14%。
This was the biggest percentage drop among the world’s biggest ports last year.
這一跌幅居全球之首。
2012年
2022年
Hong Kong is now the 10th-largest port in the world by volume, Drewry figures show, closely followed by Malaysia’s Port Klang, where volumes rose 6.4 per cent last year.
按吞吐量計算，香港目前仍是全球第十大港口，緊隨其後的是馬來西亞巴生港（吞吐量同比增加6.4%）。
Hong Kong’s deepwater port at the heart of the Pearl River Delta has long made it a desirable trading gateway to the greater China region.
香港位於珠三角中心的深水港長期以來一直是通往大中華地區的理想貿易門戶。
Hong Kong’s port also faces increasing competition from counterparts in south-east Asia, Hadland added, as manufacturers increase production outside of China.
隨著製造商增加中國境外的產量，香港還面臨著東南亞同行的激烈競爭。
Singapore, the world’s second-busiest port after Shanghai, has benefited “because south-east Asia, and Vietnam in particular, has picked up lots of the ‘China-plus-one’ story”, said Anoop Singh, global head of shipping research at Oil Brokerage.
航運研究全球主管Anoop Singh表示，新加坡是僅次於上海的全球第二大港，因為東南亞，尤其是越南，吃到了很多『中國+1』的紅利。
香港、杜拜、馬來西亞巴生港對比
China still remains by far the “stronger producer across all industries”, and its production and transport infrastructure is unmatched compared with those in most south-east Asian countries, said Andrea Currone, vice-president of Asia operations at Berlin-based freight forwarder Forto.
總部位於柏林的貨運代理公司 Forto 亞洲業務副總裁表示，迄今為止，中國仍然是「所有行業中實力最強的生產國」，其生產和運輸基建仍然是大多數東南亞國家望塵莫及的。
原文 金融時報
