https://vcahospitals.com/know-your-pet/gastroenteritis-in-cats#:~:text=The%20principal%20treatment%20of%20gastroenteritis,by%20intravenous%20(IV)%20treatment.
Gastroenteritis in Cats
By Tammy Hunter, DVM; Ernest Ward, DVM Medical Conditions, Pet Services
What is gastroenteritis?cat_gastrointestinal_2018-01
Gastroenteritis refers to inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract, meaning the stomach and the intestines. It can be caused by infection with bacteria, viruses, parasites, medications, or even new foods. The condition often causes abdominal pain, diarrhea, vomiting, and/or other clinical signs.
What are the symptoms of gastroenteritis?
Most cats with gastroenteritis will have intermittent episodes of vomiting and diarrhea. The vomit may contain foamy, yellowish bile, especially after the stomach has been emptied. Many owners will observe ’dry heaving’ or gagging after their cat eats or drinks. Large volumes of diarrhea will usually be produced several times a day. The diarrhea may have the consistency of soft- serve ice cream.
"Gastroenteritis is most often characterized by vomiting and diarrhea."
Many cats will exhibit tenderness when picked up around the abdomen or will resist handling of the stomach and hindquarters. Most cats affected with gastroenteritis will appear less active (lethargic), have a decreased appetite and they may hide. A low-grade fever is also common. Dehydration can occur quickly if the vomiting and diarrhea persist for more than 24 hours.
How is gastroenteritis diagnosed?
Gastroenteritis is a diagnosis of exclusion, which means that your veterinarian needs to eliminate or rule out other possible causes. The first step toward finding the cause of the vomiting, diarrhea, and lethargy is a good medical history.
Some key information in your cat’s medical history includes:
Your cat’s current diet, how often you feed your cat, and how much he or she eats.
Everything your cat ate or drank within the past 48 hours.
Any new foods, treats, or rewards.
Recent exposure to pesticides, medications, cleaning agents, or similar materials in your home environment.
Recent exposure to a new animal or person.
Previous episodes of vomiting and diarrhea (including their cause and treatment).
Any illness within the past month.
Any chronic illnesses that your cat may have.
Any medications, vitamins, or supplements given within the past month
Your veterinary health team may have you fill in a questionnaire prior to your visit. See handout “Diarrhea Questionnaire and Checklist for Cats” for an example.
After obtaining the medical history, your veterinarian will perform a thorough physical examination. Your veterinarian will look for evidence of dehydration, abdominal pain or tenderness, bloating or gas, swellings, and any other physical abnormality. Your cat’s temperature and other vital signs (heart rate and respiratory rate) will also be checked.